Home » Document Resources » Forms »
Form N-400: Application for Naturalization
What Is Form N-400, and Why Is It Filed?
Form N-400 is the official application used to apply for U.S. citizenship through the naturalization process. This form is filed by lawful permanent residents (green card holders) who meet the eligibility requirements to become U.S. citizens. It’s a critical step toward achieving full U.S. citizenship, granting applicants the right to vote, travel with a U.S. passport, and enjoy all other benefits of citizenship.
Who Is Eligible to File Form N-400?
To file Form N-400, you must:
- Be at least 18 years old.
- Have been a permanent resident (green card holder) for at least 5 years (or 3 years if married to a U.S. citizen).
- Have continuous residence and physical presence in the U.S. for a specified period.
- Be able to demonstrate good moral character, knowledge of U.S. history and government, and proficiency in basic English (some exceptions apply).
- Meet other specific eligibility requirements outlined by USCIS.
What Documents Should I Submit With Form N-400?
When filing Form N-400, you’ll need to provide supporting documents to verify your eligibility, such as:
- A copy of your green card (front and back).
- Two passport-style photos (if you reside outside the U.S.).
- Proof of your continuous residence and physical presence in the U.S. (such as tax returns, leases, or utility bills).
- Marriage certificate (if applying based on marriage to a U.S. citizen).
Do I Need to Provide Translations for Foreign Documents?
Yes, if any required documents are not in English, they must be submitted with a certified English translation. USCIS requires certified translations to ensure accuracy and completeness. Translations Certified provides USCIS-compliant certified translations to meet all legal requirements.
What Are the Costs for Filing Form N-400?
The filing fee for Form N-400 is $640, with an additional $85 biometrics fee, bringing the total to $725. Some applicants, such as those over 75 or certain military personnel, may be exempt from the biometrics fee.
What Is the Naturalization Process After Filing Form N-400?
Once Form N-400 is filed, you will go through several steps:
Biometrics Appointment: USCIS will schedule an appointment to collect your fingerprints, photo, and signature.
Naturalization Interview: During this interview, a USCIS officer will review your application, ask questions about your background, and administer the civics and English tests (with some exceptions for age and disability).
Oath of Allegiance: If approved, you will attend an Oath Ceremony, where you officially become a U.S. citizen.
How Long Does It Take to Process Form N-400?
Processing times for Form N-400 can vary depending on the applicant’s location and USCIS workload. On average, it takes about 8 to 12 months from the time you file the application to the date of the naturalization ceremony.
Can I Apply for Naturalization if I Have a Criminal Record?
Having a criminal record does not automatically disqualify you from becoming a U.S. citizen, but it can affect your eligibility. Certain crimes, such as felonies, may prevent naturalization. USCIS will review your criminal history as part of the good moral character requirement. It’s important to disclose all offenses, no matter how minor.
What Happens If My Form N-400 Is Denied?
If your Form N-400 is denied, USCIS will send a letter explaining the reason for the denial. Common reasons include failure to meet residency requirements, not passing the civics or English tests, or discrepancies in the application. In most cases, you can appeal the decision or reapply after resolving the issue.
The information provided here is for general informational purposes only and is not intended to be legal advice. While we strive to ensure that the information is accurate and current, it is not a substitute for professional legal counsel. Please consult with a qualified attorney for advice regarding your specific situation or legal questions.